Calculate network address, broadcast address, usable host IP ranges, subnet masks, wildcard masks, binary representations, and CIDR blocks for IPv4 and IPv6 networks.
An IPv4 address is composed of 32 bits divided into 4 octets (e.g. 192.168.1.1). Subnet masking divides these 32 bits into two parts:
The bitwise formula to determine the network address is: Network ID = IP Address AND Subnet Mask.
10.0.0.0/8
10.0.0.0 – 10.255.255.255 (16.7M hosts)
172.16.0.0/12
172.16.0.0 – 172.31.255.255 (1.04M hosts)
192.168.0.0/16
192.168.0.0 – 192.168.255.255 (65,536 hosts)